REAL ESTATE

THE REAL ESTATE GENERATION GAP

With baby boomers soon ready to retire and the state's population growth stagnating, who will be around to buy our houses when we're finally ready to sell? Experts predict a dangerous glut in real estate inventory is possible - but there is some hope.

Bill McInerney had a million-dollar house, and he hated it. The 1½-acre lot that constantly needed raking and mowing and shoveling, the multiple bedrooms and big kitchen that were too much for one person, the half-hour commute from Dedham to downtown Boston – none of it suited him. He didn’t even like the quiet. “I’m a city boy,” he says. “I want to hear cars and fire trucks and ambulances.” So a little more than a year ago, approaching his 60s and rattling around the halls alone, he started thinking small. McInerney found a one-bedroom apartment in Brookline under the shadow of the Citgo sign, a “lower end” place in the high $300,000s that he nonetheless loved for its location, with “13 restaurants and the streetcar right across the street.” He sold his white elephant in Dedham to a family of seven for a little under a million, “just as the real estate market started to go down the tubes.” He never wants to live in a big house again, he says, and he doesn’t miss his old one either.

He may be lucky he sold when he did. The 57-year-old is at the older end of the baby boom generation, which is now between 42 and 61. Most boomers will partially or fully retire in the next two decades, and as their lifestyle slows down, so will their desire for the huge houses the wealthier of them have been snapping up in the past few years. Many will have the same idea as McInerney – to unload those houses – which means the number of McMansions for sale is about to get super-sized.

But who’s going to buy? Generation X, a.k.a. the baby bust, is largely uninterested in sprawling suburban homes. And there aren’t nearly as many Xers as there are boomers. There just won’t be enough potential buyers unless the Xers and the older members of Generation Y are joined by a flood of new immigrants who both want the boomers’ houses and are able to pay for them. If that doesn’t happen, prices at the high end will sink.

This is “a godsend” for those in that small group of future buyers, says Harvard University economist Ed Glaeser. Across the country, they’ll be able to snatch up big houses for relative steals compared with what they’d pay today. But boomers who are counting on cashing in their real estate to fund their retirement may be in trouble, because their houses almost certainly won’t fetch their current prices. And those in the Northeast may be in for a double whammy: Compared with the rest of the country, the region has both more boomers looking to move out and fewer new immigrants who might take their places. The baby boom gave Boston, and the rest of the country, its real estate boom. Is the baby bust about to give us the real estate bust?

The boomers’ and busters’ influence on the housing market has never been easy to predict. In 1989, economists Greg Mankiw and David Weil, then both at Harvard University, took a stab at it. As the baby busters were entering the market, they wrote in a widely read paper that “housing demand will grow more slowly in the 1990s than in any time in the past 40 years . . . [and] housing prices will fall substantially over the next two decades.” Wellesley College economist Karl Case jokingly calls this “one of the worst forecasts in the history of mankind.” Anyone who’s read a newspaper in the past 20 years knows he’s only slightly exaggerating. The median price for a house in Boston dropped last year to $515,500, but compare that with 1990, when the median price was $159,000. There are two reasons Mankiw and Weil turned out to be so off-target, says Case. One is that immigrants took up some of the slack, adding to the population numbers, buying houses, and keeping the market healthy. The other is that the boomers weren’t quite dead yet. Mankiw and Weis didn’t foresee the trend of “trading up” that the generation would fuel, nor did they predict the group’s continuing enthusiasm for second and third homes. Ultimately, the baby boomers were such active real estate buyers that they sent prices spiraling up, not down. “Mankiw and Weil missed something that demographers are really sensitive to,” says Dowell Myers, a demographer at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles and the author of the new book Immigrants and Boomers: Forging a New Social Contract for the Future of America. “It’s a classic mistake.”

Read this entire story at the Boston Globe: here